Nginx使用的php-fpm的两种进程管理方式及优化
; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
; following directives:
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can
; be alive at the same time.
; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.
; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is less than this
; number then some children will be created.
; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is greater than this
; number then some children will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 8
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 4
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
如果设置成static，进程数自始至终都是pm.max_children指定的数量，pm.start_servers，pm.min_spare_servers，pm.max_spare_servers配置将没有作用。
如果设置成dynamic，则进程数是动态的，最开始是pm.start_servers指定的数量，如果请求较多，则会自动增加，但不超过pm.max_children指定的数量，
同时保证空闲的进程数不小于pm.min_spare_servers，如果进程数较多，也会进行相应清理，保证多余的进程数不多于pm.max_spare_servers
; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'dynamic'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI.
; Note: Used when pm is set to either 'static' or 'dynamic'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 50
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 20
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
dynamic风格下必须遵守两个法则
1.pm.min_spare_servers<=pm.start_servers<=pm.max_spare_servers
2.pm.max_children>=pm.max_spare_servers
那么，对于我们的服务器，选择哪种执行方式比较好呢？事实上，跟Apache一样，运行的PHP程序在执行完成后，或多或少会有内存泄露的问题。
这也是为什么开始的时候一个php-fpm进程只占用3M左右内存，运行一段时间后就会上升到20-30M的原因了。